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该全球基金于2002年开始运作,为这三种疾病的预防、治疗和看护提供融资。
The Global Fund began operations in 2002, financing prevention, treatment, and care programs for the three diseases.
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虽然我仍对欧元持怀疑态度,但我相信推动欧洲融合的政治意愿将会占据上风。
While I remain a euro-skeptic, I believe that the political will to advance European integration will prevail.
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联合国粮农组织认为,食品价格上扬导致全球冲突增加。
The United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization argues that rising food prices could lead to increasing global conflicts.
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核电使得廉价而丰富的电力供应成为可能,而这又会增加社会和政治的稳定。
Nuclear power offers the possibility of cheap, plentiful electricity, which will contribute to social and political stability.
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以苏格兰为例,那里在9月18日即将就独立议题举行公民投票。
Consider Scotland, where a popular referendum on independence will be held on September 18.
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它违背了每一种宗教的教义,也不符合人们的常识。
It violates the tenets of every religion, and it conflicts with common sense.
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公共政策的定义由政策中的公共利益,而非它的制定者来决定。
Public policy is defined by the public’s interest in the policy, not who made it.
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其他发展中国家应该效仿这一做法,而不是因为可预防的灾难而停止脚步。
It should be emulated by other developing countries, not shunned because of a preventable disaster.
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从1990年到2008年,贸易增速相当于全球产出增速的两倍。
Trade grew about twice as fast as global output from 1990 to 2008.
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”中国将控制亚投行(初始资本10亿美元)一半的投票权。
China will control a majority of the voting shares in the AIIB, initially capitalized at $100 billion.
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他们也会逐渐意识到一些非正式的社会准则,比如反对异性恋沙文主义。
They will also come to get the point of more informal social norms – against homophobia, for instance.
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有效解决全球变暖需要长期创新,让所有人都用得起绿色能源。
Addressing global warming effectively requires long-term innovation that makes green energy affordable to all.
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这不是自由贸易对保护主义的问题,而是“智能贸易”对“极化贸易”的问题。
The issue is not free trade versus protectionism, but “smart trade” versus “polarizing trade.”
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在这些优势的推动下,主权财富基金在基础设施融资中扮演着(越来越)重要的角色。
Given these advantages, SWFs play a large – and growing – role in infrastructure finance.
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因此我们可以想见气候变干可能对农业造成的影响。
We can therefore imagine what the impact of a drier climate on agriculture is likely to be.
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   这也就把我们带到了第四个工具上来,也就是财政政策。
This brings us to the fourth tool: fiscal policy.
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苏格兰民族主义不是由最近的经济危机带来的,但苏格兰公投是。
Scottish nationalism was not created by the recent economic crisis, but the Scottish referendum was.
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它们在侵蚀苏维埃体系的过程中发挥了巨大的作用。
They played a tremendous role in the erosion of the Soviet system."
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身患精神疾病并伴有药物滥用问题的人感染艾滋病病毒/艾滋病等传染疾病的风险增加。
People with mental illnesses and substance-abuse issues are at increased risk of infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS.
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   今年,中低收入国家将会有一千万儿童死亡。
This year, ten million children will die in low- and middle-income countries.
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生活在发达和发展中国家的少数族裔不得不忍受耻辱、歧视和暴力。
Minorities suffer stigma, discrimination, and violence in developed and developing countries.
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从全球范围来看,二型糖尿病的增长是与肥胖水平的增长相一致的。
Globally, the type 2 diabetes epidemic has been growing in lockstep with rising obesity levels.
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与此同时,发展中国家民众在发达国家能提高工作效率。
At the same time, people from developing countries are more productive in a developed country.
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我们的注意力集中在防止衰退转变成萧条。
Our attention was focused on preventing recession from turning into depression.
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但考虑个体国家:一些国家存在巨大的外债,而另一些维持着巨大的债权。
But consider individual countries: some run a large foreign debt, while others maintain a large creditor position.
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如今我们还知道,这还会阻碍成熟经济政策的顺利实施。
We have now learned that it also runs counter to sound economic policy.
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几乎在全世界所有国家,麻风病都不再构成对公共健康的威胁。
In virtually every country in the world, leprosy is no longer regarded as a public-health problem.
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但当以色列工党在与走强硬路线的利库德集团的斗争中失败时,事情起了变化。
But things began to change when the Israeli Labor Party lost ground to the harder-line Likud.
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因此,最近美国与印度和东南亚数国加强联系实乃明智之举。
For this reason, recent US efforts to strengthen ties with India and several Southeast Asian countries make good sense.
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在19世纪晚期,所有的大国都提高了它们的贸易壁垒——除了英国。
In the late nineteenth century, all powers raised their trade barriers – except Britain.
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建立国民健康保险的理由130年来从未改变。
The rationale for national health insurance is as clear now as it was to Bismarck 130 years ago.
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俄罗斯的社会文化决定着这个国家的命运。
It is Russia's social culture that is determining the country's fate.
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民族主义情绪在日益高涨,极右翼和极左翼煽动性政党在选举中纷纷得势。
Nationalist sentiment is rising, and demagogic parties of the far right and left are gaining in every poll.
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总之,真相委员会必须与国家的具体情况相适应。
Above all, truth commissions must be adapted to a country’s particular circumstances.
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到目前为止,2010年11月立法选举以来的转型已经称得上令人瞩目。
So far, that transformation, initiated following legislative elections in November 2010, has been breathtaking.
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美国各州在组成新联盟时各有各的债务负担,各有各的偿债能力。
US states entered their new union with different debt loads and different capacities to service them.
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主要官员的这种错误说法助长了一厢情愿的浪费政策。
Such incorrect statements by leading officials reinforce wasteful policies based on wishful thinking.
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但在各国中央银行和政府之间,它并不能进行划转。
But they cannot be used in the other transactions in which central banks and governments engage.
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日本政府可能会采取快速通胀的手段降低债务的真实价值。
The government might be tempted to rely on rapid inflation to try to reduce the real value of its debt.
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美国迫切需要洞见和思想,而格林斯潘给我们的只是跨党派大棒。
At a time when America desperately needs insight and ideas, Greenspan gives us only partisan bludgeons.
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在大都市规模实现后,领导城市地区的重要性就更加显著了。
When the metropolitan scale is recognized, the importance of leading urban areas is even more remarkable.
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作为世界最大出口国,中国显然满足第一个条件。
As the world’s largest exporter, China clearly meets the first condition.
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全球供给和需求决定了原油和天然气的价格。
Global supply and demand largely set oil and gas prices.
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美国人的好消息是,世界交易和金融体系存在巨大的惰性。
The good news for Americans is that there is enormous inertia in the world trading and financial system.
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现有经济发展战略要求实施重大调整以适应这种类型的增长。
Existing economic-development strategies will require significant adaption to accommodate this kind of growth.
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政府还必须了解欧洲穆斯林社区中的激进倾向,并制定战略以应付这些倾向。
Governments must also identify radical tendencies within Europe’s Muslim communities and devise strategies to counteract them.
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让外国直接投资者相信印度是可靠的投资地将增加长期资金流入。
Convincing foreign direct investors that India is a reliable destination will increase the inflow of long-term funds.
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外国直接投资在2008和2009年期间下降了75%,目前也只是略有恢复。
Foreign direct investment, which plunged 75% from 2008 to 2009, has only partly recovered.
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伊拉克苦于缺乏安全,而外国投资者在俄罗斯四处碰壁。
Iraq suffers from a lack of security, and foreign investors in Russia are thwarted at every turn.
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即便吸引了数亿美元的投资,但由此引发的国际关注也一天胜似一天。
Even as it attracts billions of dollars in investment, it is the subject of growing international concern.
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   最为重要的是,发展中国家和发达国家都需要放弃设定通货膨胀目标。
Most importantly, both developing and developed countries need to abandon inflation targeting.
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在过去50年中,底特律这类城市的故事已经不止一次上演。
Stories like Detroit’s have played out several times in developed countries during the last half-century.
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我们动员私人资金投入到基础设施建设这类的公共事业当中。
We mobilize private financing for public goods, such as infrastructure.
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这种手段能防止银行遭遇挤兑,因为拥有更多资本的银行显然会变得更加安全。
This approach prevents bank runs, because banks with more capital are safer.
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但这些国家中的大部分真正关注的是美国的"单边主义"。
But for much of the rest of the world, the real concern is American unilateralism.
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法国拥有大规模可快速部署的军事力量,这已在2011年的利比亚展示过了。
France has a large and rapidly deployable military force, as it demonstrated in Libya in 2011.
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首相撒切尔夫人大力倡导1986年单一欧洲法,力求收获最大的经济收益。
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, by advocating the 1986 Single European Act, sought to maximize those gains.
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我们生活的这个世界基本靠国内解决方案解决全球性问题。
We live in a world of global problems and largely national solutions.
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美国势力强大的环境保护署也是在尼克松时期建立的。
America’s influential Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) also was established under Nixon.
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内塔尼亚胡或许是个乏味的总理;但同时也是令人敬畏的活动家。
Netanyahu may be a dismal prime minister; but he is also a formidable campaigner.
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随着12月18日总统大选的临近,那些一路领先的候选人们已经很难拉开距离。
As the December 18 presidential elections approach, the front-runners could not look much different from one another.
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在阿富汗,巴基斯坦的军事和情报机构谋求对印度取得“战略纵深”。
In Afghanistan, Pakistan’s military and intelligence agencies sought “strategic depth” against India.
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目前,金融市场对这些新出现的风险表示乐观。
So far, financial markets have been sanguine about these new rising risks.
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2014年,政府的促增长待办清单很长。
Government has a long pro-growth to-do list heading into 2014.
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感谢顽固高企的通胀,意大利名义GDP仍能保持不变。
Only thanks to stubbornly persistent inflation has Italy’s nominal GDP managed to remain constant.
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只有欧洲央行可以实施欧元区国家债务的社会化。
Only the European Central Bank could implement true socialization of national debt in the eurozone.
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多数富裕国家之所以选择公共融资方式来资助医疗保健,主要以下几个原因考虑。
Most rich countries choose to finance their health care publicly for several reasons.
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信心缺失将反映在资产价值的低水平和高波动上。
Lack of confidence is reflected in low and volatile asset values.
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外部冲击首先影响离岸市场,然后影响在岸汇率。
External shocks affect the offshore exchange rate first, and then feed through to the onshore exchange rate.
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他们的孩子在父母不在家的环境中长大,感受不到希望和支持。
Their children grow up without a parent at home – and without hope and support.
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目标市场中包含着团体和人口集合,而并非单一的个人。
Target markets consist of groups and population aggregates, not individuals.
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首先,我们必须为所有国家创造独立繁荣的条件。
First, we have to create the conditions for all countries to thrive independently.
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就其自身而言,政府事后才想起组建国家武装部队。
For its part, the government has treated the creation of national armed forces as an afterthought.
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地方政府以来银行信贷来支撑基础设施建设和房地产发展。
Local governments rely on bank credit to invest in infrastructure and real-estate development.
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在俄罗斯族人口甚众的东乌克兰,他们大多被视为苏联祖国的叛徒。
In eastern Ukraine, with its large Russian population, they are widely seen as traitors to the Soviet motherland.
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其中巴西尤其如此,这个国家是南美国家联盟间不信任感的主要源头。
This is especially true of Brazil, the source of much of this mistrust.
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一种新闻中常见的“诊断”是“注意力缺陷多动症”。
A “diagnosis” frequently in the news is “attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.”
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必须由对直选议院负责的强大的中央机构负责协调财政和经济政策。
Strong central institutions, responsible to a directly elected parliament, are needed to coordinate fiscal and economic policies.
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伊拉克人已经选举出了他们自己的代表,正准备起草他们的宪法。
Iraqis have elected their own representatives and are poised to write their constitution.
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必须依靠新的新方法,如公共研究机构和私人企业的合作。
New approaches, such as partnerships between public research institutions and private industry, are needed.
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社会财富将有跳跃式增长,生产力将会即刻提高。
There is a jump in wealth and an immediate production boom.
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现在已经形成了数十万个工作岗位,其中一些是在原本萧条的边远地区。
Hundreds of thousands of jobs are already being created, some in remote, previously stagnating regions.
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大量粮食意味着大量油脂、肉类和糖分,还有卡路里。
Lots of food means lots of grease, and meat, and sugar, and calories.
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基于互联网的运动正推动中国政策制定者加强劳工和环保标准。
Internet-based movements are forcing Chinese policymakers to strengthen labor and environmental standards.
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当政府进入了他们不可知领域的时候,他们必须时刻提醒自己。
As governments move into uncharted territory, they will need to question themselves constantly.
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而这种暧昧的关系本该在相扑运动现代化,形成当今的相扑协会之后逐渐消亡。
This cozy relationship was supposedly dissolved when the traditional Sumo circle was modernized, becoming today’s JSA.
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P2P贷款和集资已经展现出连接投资人和借款人的新途径。
Peer-to-peer lending and crowdfunding already represent new ways of matching borrowers with investors.
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明年将是滑铁卢战役暨拿破仑的最后一败两百周年纪念。
Next year is the bicentennial of the Battle of Waterloo and the final defeat of Napoleon.
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企业在某一时点会准备好出售产品,于是市场需求就可以接管剩下的旅程。
At some point, companies will be ready to sell products, and market demand can take over.
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政府和政府合同商工作一般都非常稳定,而私营企业则知道钱是会花完的。
Whereas governments and government contractors generally enjoy job security, private companies know that the money may run out.
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化解进一步拓展网络应用的严峻挑战是我们的当务之急。
The imperative to address the formidable challenges to further expansion of Internet usage is clear.
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对其他人宗教信仰的容忍是让别人容忍他们自己的宗教信仰所必须付出的代价。
Tolerance for other people’s religion is the price paid for tolerance of one’s own.
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无论出现什么直接结果,科威特政府都面临一个新的政治环境。
Whatever the immediate outcome, the Kuwaiti government is facing a new political horizon.
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财政规则是事先确定的机制,用于约束支出或赤字。
A fiscal rule is any pre-specified mechanism that constrains spending or the deficit.
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针对发展中国国家自由市场改革的华盛顿共识已经在20年前达成。
The Washington Consensus of free-market reforms for developing countries ended more than two decades ago.
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在政治上,巴勒斯坦总理哈尼亚依然拒绝承认以色列以及尊重已有的协议。
Politically, Palestine’s Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh remains against recognizing Israel and respecting the existing agreements.
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尽管6月份哈马斯与巴勒斯坦权力机构建立了联合政府,但这并不能让哈马斯喘口气。
And the unity government that it established with the Palestinian Authority in June brought no relief.
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功能强大的电脑导向强权国家以及强大集权的商业公司。
Powerful computers led to potent states and powerful and centrally directed business corporations.
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第二次世界大战结束时,全世界只有五座边境墙。
At the end of World War II, there were only five border walls around the world.
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类似的逻辑还支持了州际高速公路体系的扩张。
A similar logic led to the expansion of the interstate highway system.
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