yasserrmd/ortho-gemma-300m-emb

SentenceTransformer based on google/embeddinggemma-300m

This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from google/embeddinggemma-300m. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.

Model Details

Model Description

• Model Type: Sentence Transformer
• Base model: google/embeddinggemma-300m
• Maximum Sequence Length: 2048 tokens
• Output Dimensionality: 768 dimensions
• Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity

Model Sources

• Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
• Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
• Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face

Full Model Architecture

SentenceTransformer(
  (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 2048, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'Gemma3TextModel'})
  (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
  (2): Dense({'in_features': 768, 'out_features': 3072, 'bias': False, 'activation_function': 'torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity'})
  (3): Dense({'in_features': 3072, 'out_features': 768, 'bias': False, 'activation_function': 'torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity'})
  (4): Normalize()
)

Usage

Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)

First install the Sentence Transformers library:

pip install -U sentence-transformers

Then you can load this model and run inference.

from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer

# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("yasserrmd/ortho-gemma-300m-emb")
# Run inference
queries = [
    "How can the combination of distraction osteogenesis and osteotomy be beneficial in managing cases of vertical alveolar bone deficiencies?\n",
]
documents = [
    'The combination of distraction osteogenesis and osteotomy can be beneficial in managing cases of vertical alveolar bone deficiencies. In some cases, if the distraction process alone does not achieve the desired outcome, an osteotomy can be performed to further advance the affected segment. This combined approach allows for improved soft tissue gain and surgical advancement, which may not be achievable with osteotomy alone.',
    'The bracing phase of the Ponseti method lasts for four to five years and can be challenging for the child, the family, and the healthcare team. It requires consistent adherence to wearing the brace for long periods of time, which can be difficult for some families. Additionally, the cost of modern clubfoot braces can be prohibitive for many patients, particularly in developing countries.',
    'Dry needling, which involves the insertion of a solid needle into the skin to regulate trigger points within the musculature, may serve as an effective therapeutic adjunct for patients with ankle instability. It is believed to reduce motor disturbances in the musculature and accelerate muscle fatigability. Studies have shown that inclusion of dry needling in active patients with ankle instability secondary to injury led to better outcomes in pain and function. However, further investigation is needed to determine the efficacy of dry needling in improving functional outcomes and return to play specifically in American football athletes.',
]
query_embeddings = model.encode_query(queries)
document_embeddings = model.encode_document(documents)
print(query_embeddings.shape, document_embeddings.shape)
# [1, 768] [3, 768]

# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(query_embeddings, document_embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[0.7862, 0.0777, 0.1950]])

Training Details

Training Dataset

Unnamed Dataset

• Size: 20,000 training samples
• Columns: sentence_0 and sentence_1
• Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:

  	sentence_0	sentence_1
  type	string	string
  details	min: 10 tokens mean: 21.43 tokens max: 52 tokens	min: 18 tokens mean: 86.56 tokens max: 232 tokens

• Samples:

  sentence_0	sentence_1
  What are some barriers and facilitators associated with the use and prescription of non-surgical treatments for knee or hip osteoarthritis in orthopaedic practice?	Barriers and facilitators associated with the use and prescription of non-surgical treatments for knee or hip osteoarthritis in orthopaedic practice may exist at various levels, including the professional, patient, social context, organizational context, and external environment. Some potential barriers may include lack of awareness or knowledge about non-surgical treatment options, time constraints, financial considerations, and patient preferences. Facilitators may include access to resources and support, clear guidelines and protocols, effective communication between healthcare professionals and patients, and a collaborative approach to decision-making.
  What are the different names used to refer to bipolar fracture dislocations of the clavicle?	Bipolar fracture dislocations of the clavicle are also known as complete dislocation, bipolar dislocation, panclavicular dislocation, bifocal clavicular dislocation, and traumatic floating clavicle.
  What is the association between returning to pivoting sports and the development of osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction surgery?	Recent research has shown that patients who have returned to pivoting sports after ACL reconstruction surgery have a reduced risk of developing symptomatic and radiographic osteoarthritis compared to those who have not returned to pivoting sports. However, the reasons for this difference are unclear, and it is important to note that patients who failed to return to pivoting sports also reported poor knee function, which may have influenced the results. The rates of osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction surgery increase over time, with higher rates observed with longer time intervals from injury to surgery. The role of activity in the development of osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction surgery has not been thoroughly evaluated.

• Loss: MultipleNegativesRankingLoss with these parameters:

  {
      "scale": 20.0,
      "similarity_fct": "cos_sim",
      "gather_across_devices": false
  }
  

Training Hyperparameters

Non-Default Hyperparameters

• per_device_train_batch_size: 6
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 6
• num_train_epochs: 1
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin

All Hyperparameters

Click to expand

• overwrite_output_dir: False
• do_predict: False
• eval_strategy: no
• prediction_loss_only: True
• per_device_train_batch_size: 6
• per_device_eval_batch_size: 6
• per_gpu_train_batch_size: None
• per_gpu_eval_batch_size: None
• gradient_accumulation_steps: 1
• eval_accumulation_steps: None
• torch_empty_cache_steps: None
• learning_rate: 5e-05
• weight_decay: 0.0
• adam_beta1: 0.9
• adam_beta2: 0.999
• adam_epsilon: 1e-08
• max_grad_norm: 1
• num_train_epochs: 1
• max_steps: -1
• lr_scheduler_type: linear
• lr_scheduler_kwargs: {}
• warmup_ratio: 0.0
• warmup_steps: 0
• log_level: passive
• log_level_replica: warning
• log_on_each_node: True
• logging_nan_inf_filter: True
• save_safetensors: True
• save_on_each_node: False
• save_only_model: False
• restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: False
• no_cuda: False
• use_cpu: False
• use_mps_device: False
• seed: 42
• data_seed: None
• jit_mode_eval: False
• use_ipex: False
• bf16: False
• fp16: False
• fp16_opt_level: O1
• half_precision_backend: auto
• bf16_full_eval: False
• fp16_full_eval: False
• tf32: None
• local_rank: 0
• ddp_backend: None
• tpu_num_cores: None
• tpu_metrics_debug: False
• debug: []
• dataloader_drop_last: False
• dataloader_num_workers: 0
• dataloader_prefetch_factor: None
• past_index: -1
• disable_tqdm: False
• remove_unused_columns: True
• label_names: None
• load_best_model_at_end: False
• ignore_data_skip: False
• fsdp: []
• fsdp_min_num_params: 0
• fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
• fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: None
• accelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
• parallelism_config: None
• deepspeed: None
• label_smoothing_factor: 0.0
• optim: adamw_torch_fused
• optim_args: None
• adafactor: False
• group_by_length: False
• length_column_name: length
• ddp_find_unused_parameters: None
• ddp_bucket_cap_mb: None
• ddp_broadcast_buffers: False
• dataloader_pin_memory: True
• dataloader_persistent_workers: False
• skip_memory_metrics: True
• use_legacy_prediction_loop: False
• push_to_hub: False
• resume_from_checkpoint: None
• hub_model_id: None
• hub_strategy: every_save
• hub_private_repo: None
• hub_always_push: False
• hub_revision: None
• gradient_checkpointing: False
• gradient_checkpointing_kwargs: None
• include_inputs_for_metrics: False
• include_for_metrics: []
• eval_do_concat_batches: True
• fp16_backend: auto
• push_to_hub_model_id: None
• push_to_hub_organization: None
• mp_parameters:
• auto_find_batch_size: False
• full_determinism: False
• torchdynamo: None
• ray_scope: last
• ddp_timeout: 1800
• torch_compile: False
• torch_compile_backend: None
• torch_compile_mode: None
• include_tokens_per_second: False
• include_num_input_tokens_seen: False
• neftune_noise_alpha: None
• optim_target_modules: None
• batch_eval_metrics: False
• eval_on_start: False
• use_liger_kernel: False
• liger_kernel_config: None
• eval_use_gather_object: False
• average_tokens_across_devices: False
• prompts: None
• batch_sampler: batch_sampler
• multi_dataset_batch_sampler: round_robin
• router_mapping: {}
• learning_rate_mapping: {}

Training Logs

Epoch	Step	Training Loss
0.1500	500	0.0309
0.2999	1000	0.0107
0.4499	1500	0.0078
0.5999	2000	0.0081
0.7499	2500	0.0017
0.8998	3000	0.0018

Framework Versions

• Python: 3.12.11
• Sentence Transformers: 5.1.0
• Transformers: 4.56.2
• PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu128
• Accelerate: 1.10.1
• Datasets: 4.0.0
• Tokenizers: 0.22.1

Citation

BibTeX

Sentence Transformers

@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
    title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
    author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = "11",
    year = "2019",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}

MultipleNegativesRankingLoss

@misc{henderson2017efficient,
    title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
    author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
    year={2017},
    eprint={1705.00652},
    archivePrefix={arXiv},
    primaryClass={cs.CL}
}