Audio-to-Audio
Transformers
Safetensors
speech_language_model
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  library_name: transformers
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- tags: []
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
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  # Model Card for Model ID
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- <!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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  ## Model Details
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  ### Model Description
 
 
 
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- <!-- Provide a longer summary of what this model is. -->
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- This is the model card of a 🤗 transformers model that has been pushed on the Hub. This model card has been automatically generated.
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- - **Developed by:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Funded by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Shared by [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Model type:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Language(s) (NLP):** [More Information Needed]
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- - **License:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Finetuned from model [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- ### Model Sources [optional]
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- <!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
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- - **Repository:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Paper [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Demo [optional]:** [More Information Needed]
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  ## Uses
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- <!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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- ### Direct Use
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- <!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Downstream Use [optional]
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- <!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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  ### Out-of-Scope Use
 
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- <!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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- <!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ### Recommendations
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- <!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
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- Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.
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  ## How to Get Started with the Model
 
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- Use the code below to get started with the model.
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- [More Information Needed]
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  ## Training Details
 
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- ### Training Data
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- <!-- This should link to a Dataset Card, perhaps with a short stub of information on what the training data is all about as well as documentation related to data pre-processing or additional filtering. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
 
 
 
 
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  ### Training Procedure
 
 
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- <!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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- #### Preprocessing [optional]
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Training Hyperparameters
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- - **Training regime:** [More Information Needed] <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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- #### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
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- [More Information Needed]
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  ## Evaluation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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- <!-- This section describes the evaluation protocols and provides the results. -->
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- ### Testing Data, Factors & Metrics
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- #### Testing Data
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- <!-- This should link to a Dataset Card if possible. -->
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- #### Factors
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- <!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- #### Metrics
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- <!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
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- ### Results
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- #### Summary
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- ## Model Examination [optional]
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- <!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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- [More Information Needed]
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- ## Environmental Impact
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- <!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
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- Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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- - **Hardware Type:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Hours used:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Cloud Provider:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Compute Region:** [More Information Needed]
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- - **Carbon Emitted:** [More Information Needed]
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- ## Technical Specifications [optional]
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- ### Model Architecture and Objective
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  ### Compute Infrastructure
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  #### Hardware
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  #### Software
 
 
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- ## Citation [optional]
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- <!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
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  **BibTeX:**
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- **APA:**
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- ## Glossary [optional]
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- <!-- If relevant, include terms and calculations in this section that can help readers understand the model or model card. -->
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- ## More Information [optional]
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- ## Model Card Authors [optional]
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- ## Model Card Contact
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- [More Information Needed]
 
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  library_name: transformers
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+ license: mit
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+ datasets:
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+ - openslr/librispeech_asr
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+ - slprl/sTinyStories2
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+ - slprl/SpokenSwag
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+ base_model:
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+ - Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B
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+ pipeline_tag: audio-to-audio
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  ---
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  # Model Card for Model ID
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+ This is a Speech Lanaguage Model trained for generating speech contiuations over discrete [Hubert tokens](https://huggingface.co/slprl/mhubert-base-25hz).
 
 
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  ## Model Details
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  ### Model Description
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+ This is a Speech Lanaguage Model, introduced in "_Slamming_: Training a Speech Language Model on One GPU in a Day", focusing on efficient training.
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+ It was fine-tuned from [Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B) over a vocabulary of 500 speech tokens extracted from
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+ the 11-th layer of [mhubert-25hz](https://huggingface.co/slprl/mhubert-base-25hz).
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+ The model was trained by next-token prediction over a subset of LibriSpeech, Libri-Light and a synthetic data
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+ [sTinyStories](https://huggingface.co/datasets/slprl/sTinyStories). It was then trained with DPO over
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+ [SpokenSwag](https://huggingface.co/datasets/slprl/SpokenSwag).
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+ - **Developed by:** [SLP-RL](https://huggingface.co/slprl)
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+ - **Model type:** SpeechLM
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+ - **License:** MIT
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+ - **Finetuned from model:** [Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen2.5-0.5B)
 
 
 
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+ ### Model Sources
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+ - **Repository:** [https://github.com/slp-rl/slam](https://github.com/slp-rl/slam)
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+ - **Paper:** [Soon!]
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+ - **Demo:** [Link](https://pages.cs.huji.ac.il/adiyoss-lab/slamming/)
 
 
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  ## Uses
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+ This is a base SpeechLM and as such can be used to generate contiuations for speech segments, or as base for further tuning. See the _slam_
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+ [codebase](https://github.com/slp-rl/slam) for more details on usage, and checkout the [demo page](https://pages.cs.huji.ac.il/adiyoss-lab/slamming/) for some generation examples
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ### Out-of-Scope Use
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+ This model was trained on curated speech datasets which contain mainly audio-books and stories, as such the outputs should not be treated as factual in any way.
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  ## How to Get Started with the Model
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+ We refer users to the official repository for full usage explainations - [github](https://github.com/slp-rl/slam).
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  ## Training Details
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+ We highly encourage users to read the full [paper](), for full training details, a brief overview is provided below.
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+ ### Training Data
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+ This model was trained on a subset of [LibriSpeech](https://huggingface.co/datasets/openslr/librispeech_asr) train,
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+ [Libri-Light](https://ai.meta.com/tools/libri-light/) and the synthetic dataset
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+ [sTinyStories](https://huggingface.co/datasets/slprl/sTinyStories) for the pre-training phase. It was also trained with DPO on the synthetic
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+ dataset [SpokenSwag](https://huggingface.co/datasets/slprl/SpokenSwag).
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  ### Training Procedure
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+ This model was trained by next token prediction over several dataset, and then trained with DPO over [SpokenSwag](https://huggingface.co/datasets/slprl/SpokenSwag).
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+ Please refer to the [paper]() or [code](https://github.com/slp-rl/slam) for the full training recipes.
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+ #### Preprocessing
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+ Speech tokens are extracted from the audio using [Hubert-25hz](https://huggingface.co/slprl/mhubert-base-25hz), and quantised using the
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+ official kmeans released with the model in [textlesslib](https://github.com/facebookresearch/textlesslib/tree/main). Units are de-duplicated.
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+ We encourage you to explore the official repository for full details - [github](https://github.com/slp-rl/slam).
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ## Evaluation
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+ The paper provides full results, we do give here some results and also refer to the [demo page](https://pages.cs.huji.ac.il/adiyoss-lab/slamming/) to listen to some samples.
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+ | Model | GPUs | Params | Num Tokens | sBLIMP ↑ | sStoryCloze ↑ | tStoryCloze ↑ | GenPPL ↓ | Auto-BLEU ↓ |
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+ |-------------------------------------------|---------|--------|---------------|-----------|---------------|---------------|----------|-------------|
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+ | **Speech only pre-training** | | | | | | | | |
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+ | GSLM | 8×V100 | 100M | 1B | 54.2 | 53.3 | 66.6 | — | — |
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+ | SyllableLM | 4×A40 | 300M | 16B | 63.7 | — | 75.4 | — | — |
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+ | TWIST-350M | 8×V100 | 305M | 10.8B | 56.2 | — | — | 137.3 | 3.46 |
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+ | TWIST-1.3B | 32×V100 | 1B | 10.8B | 57.0 | 52.4 | 70.6 | 131.8 | 3.20 |
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+ | TWIST-7B | 32×V100 | 7B | 36B | 59.0 | 55.3 | 74.1 | 93.74 | 3.06 |
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+ | TWIST-13B | 32×V100 | 13B | 36B | 59.2 | 55.4 | 76.4 | — | — |
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+ | Scaled Optimal | — | 823M | 82B | **61.3** | 56.7 | 78.0 | — | — |
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+ | Moshi | ?×H100 | 7B | ? | 58.9 | **58.7** | **81.8** | — | — |
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+ | SpiritLM | 64×A100 | 7B | 100B | 58.0 | 54.8 | 72.9 | — | — |
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+ | **With text / preference optimization** | | | | | | | | |
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+ | Scaling Interleaving | — | 9B | ~1T | — | **62.4** | 82.9 | — | — |
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+ | Moshi | ?×H100 | 7B | ~720B | 58.8 | 60.8 | 83.0 | — | — |
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+ | SpiritLM | 64×A100 | 7B | 100B | 58.3 | 61.0 | 82.9 | — | — |
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+ | AlignSLM-1.3B | 64×A100 | 1B | 10.8B + ~158B | 59.8 | 55.0 | 80.0 | — | — |
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+ | AlignSLM-7B | 64×A100 | 7B | 36B + ~158B | **62.3** | 61.1 | **86.8** | — | — |
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+ | **Ours (_Slam_)** | | | | | | | | |
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+ | _Slam_ (-DPO) | 2×A100 | 358M | 16.7B | 58.53 | 58.15 | 80.71 | 67.3 | 3.25 |
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+ | _Slam_ | 1×A5000 | 358M | 1.4B + 5M | 58.86 | 58.04 | 82.04 | 62.8 | 3.88 |
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+ | _Slam_ (scaled) | 2×A100 | 358M | 16.7B + 9M | **61.11** | **61.30** | **84.18** | **46.6** | 3.75 |
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  ### Compute Infrastructure
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+ This model was trained as part of ["*Slamming*: Training a Speech Language Model on One GPU in a Day"], focusing on efficient training.
 
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  #### Hardware
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+ This model was trained using **only 2 Nvidia A100 GPU** for **48 hours**.
 
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+ The model was trained using the [*Slam*](https://github.com/slp-rl/slam) codebase which builds upon 🤗transformers extending it to support
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+ easy and efficent training of Speech Language Models.
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+ ## Citation
 
 
 
 
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  **BibTeX:**
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+ Soon!