document: Contrast sensitivity in a dynamic environment : effects of target conditions and visual impairment Contrast sensitivity was determined as a function of target velocity -LRB- 0 degrees -120 degrees / s -RRB- over a variety of viewing conditions . In Experiment 1 , measurements of dynamic contrast sensitivity were determined for observers as a function of target velocity for letter stimuli . Significant main effects were found for target velocity , target size , and target duration , but significant interactions among the variables indicated especially pronounced adverse effects of increasing target velocity for small targets and brief durations . In Experiment 2 , the effects of simulated cataracts were determined . Although the simulated impairment had no effect on traditional acuity scores , dynamic contrast sensitivity was markedly reduced . Results are discussed in terms of dynamic contrast sensitivity as a useful composite measure of visual functioning that may provide a better overall picture of an individual 's visual functioning than does traditional static acuity , dynamic acuity , or contrast sensitivity alone . The measure of dynamic contrast sensitivity may increase understanding of the practical effects of various conditions , such as aging or disease , on the visual system , or it may allow improved prediction of individuals ' performance in visually dynamic situations
doc_bio_tags: B I O O B I O O O B I O B I B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O