--- license: odc-by language: - en --- ![image/png](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/62bddd0b1e22ec8427a0f27e/MwddQs_8OaU4128VYrwoU.png) More than one training run goes into making a large language model, but developers rarely release the small models and datasets they experiment with during the development process. How do they decide what dataset to use for pretraining or which benchmarks to hill climb on? To empower open exploration of these questions, we release [DataDecide](https://allenai.org/papers/datadecide)—a suite of models we pretrain on 25 corpora with differing sources, deduplication, and filtering up to 100B tokens, over 14 different model sizes ranging from 4M parameters up to 1B parameters (more than 30k model checkpoints in total). ## 25 Data Recipes We call the 25 corpora we train on *data recipes* as they range across popular corpora including Dolma, DCLM, RefinedWeb, C4, and FineWeb as well as combinations of interventions on these datasets such as source mixing, deduplication, and filtering. This HuggingFace Dataset contains the tokenized data used to build these recipes with [OLMo](https://github.com/allenai/OLMo/blob/DataDecide/olmo/data/named_data_mixes.py). Uploading is in progress. | **Source** | **Recipe** | **Description** | |------------------------------------|--------------------------------|-----------------| | Dolma1.7 | Original | The 1.7 release of the Dolma dataset (Soldaini et al., 2024), a 2.3 trillion token corpus sampling sources commonly used in LM training. | | Dolma1.7 | No code | Dolma1.7 with code-related subsets (Starcoder, StackExchange) removed. | | Dolma1.7 | No math, code | Dolma1.7 excluding OpenWebMath, arXiv STEM papers, Starcoder, StackExchange, and Algebraic Stack. | | Dolma1.7 | No Reddit | Dolma1.7 with Reddit subset excluded. | | Dolma1.7 | No Flan | Dolma1.7 with Flan subset removed. | | Dolma1.6++ | Original | Dolma1.6 with additional sources from Dolma1.7: RedPajama ArXiv, OpenWebMath, Algebraic Stack, Flan, Starcoder, and Falcon. | | C4 | Original | The C4 dataset (Raffel et al., 2020) as processed in Dolma1.7, derived from April 2019 Common Crawl with automatic filtering. | | FineWeb-Pro | [Original](https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceFW/fineweb) | FineWeb-Pro (Zhou et al., 2024), created using a model-guided approach to apply programmatic cleaning over FineWeb. | | FineWeb-Edu | [Original](https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceTB/smollm-corpus/viewer/fineweb-edu-dedup) | FineWeb-Edu (Benallal et al., 2024), deduplicated subset of SmolLM-Corpus filtered by an educational quality classifier. | | Falcon | Original | Falcon RefinedWeb (Penedo et al., 2023) as used in Dolma1.7, built from all Common Crawl through June 2023, aggressively filtered. | | Falcon+CC | Original | Unfiltered combination of Falcon RefinedWeb and Dolma1.7's Common Crawl data. | | Falcon+CC | QC 10% | Top 10% of Falcon+CC by reproduction of the DCLM quality filter (Li et al., 2024). | | Falcon+CC | QC 20% | Top 20% of Falcon+CC by reproduced DCLM filter. | | Falcon+CC | QC Orig 10% | Top 10% using the original DCLM-provided quality filter. | | Falcon+CC | QC Tulu 10% | Top 10% filtered using a classifier trained on pre-release Tulu-v3 (Lambert et al., 2024). | | DCLM-Baseline | Original | DCLM-Baseline from Li et al. (2024). | | DCLM-Baseline | QC 7% FW2 | Top 7% by DCLM filter, filtered with FineWeb-Edu, keeping only documents scored ≥2. | | DCLM-Baseline | QC 7% FW3 | Same as above but restricted to documents scored ≥3. | | DCLM-Baseline | QC FW 10% | Filtered using FineWeb-Edu classifier, top 10% retained. | | DCLM-Baseline | QC FW 3% | Same as above but only top 3% retained. | | DCLM-Baseline | QC 10% | 10% retained using classifier fine-tuned on OpenHermes and Reddit ELI5. | | DCLM-Baseline | QC 20% | Same as above, but retaining top 20%. | | DCLM-Baseline 25% / Dolma 75% | 75% Dolma / 25% DCLM | Mixed dataset: 75% Dolma1.7 and 25% DCLM-Baseline. | | DCLM-Baseline 50% / Dolma 50% | 50% Dolma / 50% DCLM | Mixed dataset: 50% Dolma1.7 and 50% DCLM-Baseline. | | DCLM-Baseline 75% / Dolma 25% | 25% Dolma / 75% DCLM | Mixed dataset: 25% Dolma1.7 and 75% DCLM-Baseline. | ## 350 Models over Differences in Data in Scale For each of our 25 datasets and 14 model sizes, we train a model linked below. Each has intermediate checkpoints (uploading after initial release), runs over 3 random seeds. All models finish training at a token to parameter ratio of 100 (e.g., 1B parameters -> 100B tokens). | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|-----|------|------|------|------|-----| | Dolma1.7 | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-1B) | | Dolma1.7 (no code) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-code-1B) | | Dolma1.7 (no math, code) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-math-code-1B) | | Dolma1.7 (no Reddit) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-reddit-1B) | | Dolma1.7 (no Flan) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_7-no-flan-1B) | | Dolma1.6++ | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dolma1_6plus-1B) | | C4 | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-c4-1B) | | FineWeb-Pro | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-pro-1B) | | FineWeb-Edu | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-fineweb-edu-1B) | | Falcon | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-1B) | | Falcon+CC | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-1B) | | Falcon+CC (QC 10%) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-10p-1B) | | Falcon+CC (QC 20%) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-20p-1B) | | Falcon+CC (QC Orig 10%) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-orig-10p-1B) | | Falcon+CC (QC Tulu 10%) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-falcon-and-cc-qc-tulu-10p-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline (QC 7%, FW2) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw2-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline (QC 7%, FW3) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-7p-fw3-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline (QC FW 3%) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-3p-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline (QC FW 10%) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-fw-10p-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline (QC 10%) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-10p-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline (QC 20%) | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-qc-20p-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline 25% / Dolma 75% | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-25p-dolma1.7-75p-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline 50% / Dolma 50% | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-50p-dolma1.7-50p-1B) | | DCLM-Baseline 75% / Dolma 25% | [4M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-4M) | [6M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-6M) | [8M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-8M) | [10M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-10M) | [14M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-14M) | [16M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-16M) | [20M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-20M) | [60M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-60M) | [90M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-90M) | [150M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-150M) | [300M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-300M) | [530M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-530M) | [750M](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-750M) | [1B](https://huggingface.co/allenai/DataDecide-dclm-baseline-75p-dolma1.7-25p-1B) | ### Dataset Description - **Developed by:** Allen Institute for AI (Ai2) - **Language(s) (NLP):** English - **License:** This dataset is licensed under ODC-BY and intended for research and educational use in accordance with [Ai2's Responsible Use Guidelines](https://allenai.org/responsible-use) - **Contact:** Technical inquiries: `ianmag@cs.washington.edu`. Press: `press@allenai.org` ### Links - **Repository:** [https://github.com/allenai/DataDecide](https://github.com/allenai/DataDecide) - **Paper:** [https:/allenai.org/papers/datadecide](https:/allenai.org/papers/datadecide) ## Citation **BibTeX:** ``` @article{MagnussonDataDecide2025, title={{DataDecide: How to Predict Best Pretraining Data with Small Experiments}}, author={Ian Magnusson and Nguyen Tai and Ben Bogin and David Heineman and Jena Hwang and Luca Soldaini and Akshita Bhagia and Jiacheng Liu and Dirk Groeneveld and Oyvind Tafjord and Noah A. Smith and Pang Wei Koh and Jesse Dodge}, year={2025}, journal={arXiv preprint}, } ```